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Genoa Systems

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</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Genoa Electronics Corporation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Genoa Systems Corporation (1984 – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1998)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Private<a href="#cite_note-petersons-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Computer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1984 (1984) in <a href="San_Jose%2C_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Frank C. Lin (co-founder)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">2002 (2002)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">65 (1994)<a href="#cite_note-petersons-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ching Fong Investment Company</td></tr></tbody></table>

Genoa Systems Corporation, later Genoa Electronics Corporation, was an American computer multimedia peripheral vendor based in <a href="San_Jose%2C_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a>, and active from 1984 to 2002. The company was once a prolific and well-known manufacturer of <a href="Video_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Video card">video cards</a> and <a href="Chipset" title="Chipset">chipsets</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The company also dabbled in <a href="Modem" title="Modem">modems</a>, <a href="Tape_drive" title="Tape drive">tape drives</a>, <a href="Sound_card" title="Sound card">sound cards</a>, and other peripheral expansion cards. Genoa was a founding member of the <a href="Video_Electronics_Standards_Association" title="Video Electronics Standards Association">Video Electronics Standards Association</a> (VESA) and was instrumental in the development of <a href="Super_VGA" title="Super VGA">Super VGA</a>.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation_(1984–1987)">Foundation (1984–1987)</h3></div>

Genoa Systems was founded in 1984 in <a href="San_Jose%2C_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, California</a>, as a subsidiary of the Ching Fong Investment Company, a Taiwanese holding company headquartered in the United States in <a href="San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Hagedorn-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Genoa Systems was one of several high-tech companies that Ching Fong had founded in the early 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-Hagedorn-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Genoa's principal co-founder was Taiwan-born Frank C. Lin, who previously worked for <a href="Olivetti" title="Olivetti">Olivetti</a> as a senior manager. He was named Genoa's president and served that role until 1987, when he left to found <a href="Trident_Microsystems" title="Trident Microsystems">Trident Microsystems</a>, a <a href="Fabless_semiconductor_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabless semiconductor company">fabless semiconductor</a> company, in <a href="Mountain_View%2C_California" title="Mountain View, California">Mountain View, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

Genoa's first video-related product was the Spectrum Graphics Card in fall 1985.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Released for the <a href="IBM_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Personal Computer">IBM Personal Computer</a> and <a href="IBM_PC_compatible" title="IBM PC compatible">compatibles</a>, the Spectrum combined multiple graphics adapter standards that were previously spread across multiple cards—<a href="Color_Graphics_Adapter" title="Color Graphics Adapter">CGA</a>, <a href="IBM_Monochrome_Display_Adapter" title="IBM Monochrome Display Adapter">MDA</a>, <a href="Hercules_Graphics_Card" title="Hercules Graphics Card">Hercules</a>, and <a href="Plantronics_Colorplus" title="Plantronics Colorplus">Plantronics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Genoa released an updated variant of the Spectrum only a few months later in late 1985, the Spectrum Plus, which integrated many of the discrete chips necessary to drive the disparate graphics modes into one <a href="Very-large-scale_integration" title="Very-large-scale integration">VLSI</a> chip.<a href="#cite_note-six-9">[9]</a> In early 1986, they released the Spectra EGA, which <a href="InfoWorld" title="InfoWorld">InfoWorld</a> evaluated as closely mimicking <a href="IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>'s original <a href="Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" title="Enhanced Graphics Adapter">Enhanced Graphics Adapter</a> card—down to emulating its bugs when running certain software such as <a href="Lotus_1-2-3" title="Lotus 1-2-3">Lotus 1-2-3</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In late 1986, the company released the Genoa SuperEGA board featuring their own bespoke <a href="Chipset" title="Chipset">chipset</a>, which extended IBM's EGA standard by adding a resolution mode capable of displaying graphics at 640 by 480 pixels. It was also backwards compatible with CGA, MDA, and Hercules.<a href="#cite_note-improves-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-egaplus-12">[12]</a>: 214–215 The SuperEGA chipset was the first such product on the market, with Genoa beating out their competitors <a href="Chips_and_Technologies" title="Chips and Technologies">Chips and Technologies</a> and <a href="Video_Seven" title="Video Seven">Video Seven</a>. As well as selling their own board featuring the chipset, Genoa sold the chipset to other manufacturers, in volume orders.<a href="#cite_note-improves-11">[11]</a> In 1987, they extended the EGA standard further with the SuperEGA HiRes, which added a resolution mode capable of displaying 800-by-600-pixel graphics.<a href="#cite_note-egaplus-12">[12]</a>: 215

Genoa were also active in other areas of the PC marketplace, including internal and external modems (under the name NovaCom) and external backup <a href="Tape_drive" title="Tape drive">tape drives</a> (under the name Galaxy).<a href="#cite_note-six-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-recruitment-13">[13]</a> By 1986, the company had over 1,000 dealers across the globe and posted annual sales of roughly $18 million.<a href="#cite_note-recruitment-13">[13]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market_success_and_VGA_innovations_(1987–1998)">Market success and VGA innovations (1987–1998)</h3></div>

After EGA was rendered obsolete by the release of IBM's <a href="Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">Video Graphics Array</a> (VGA) technology in 1987, Genoa pioneered a number of extensions to the VGA standard. These extensions were standardized and collectively known as <a href="Super_VGA" title="Super VGA">Super VGA</a> after the <a href="Video_Electronics_Standards_Association" title="Video Electronics Standards Association">Video Electronics Standards Association</a> (VESA) consortium was formed in November 1988.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Genoa likely coined the term Super VGA with the release of the SuperVGA and SuperVGA HighRes boards in late 1987.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Genoa was a founding member of VESA in 1988, along with <a href="Video_Seven" title="Video Seven">Video Seven</a>, <a href="STB_Systems" title="STB Systems">STB Systems</a>, <a href="Paradise_Systems" title="Paradise Systems">Paradise Systems</a>, <a href="Tecmar" title="Tecmar">Tecmar</a>, and <a href="NEC" title="NEC">NEC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In January 1989, Genoa partnered with <a href="Western_Digital" title="Western Digital">Western Digital</a> (the parent company of Paradise Systems) and <a href="Sigma_Designs" title="Sigma Designs">Sigma Designs</a> to invest in <a href="Vitelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitelic">Vitelic</a>, a San Jose startup, who were planning on raising a <a href="Dynamic_random-access_memory" title="Dynamic random-access memory">DRAM</a> fabrication plant in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a>

In fall 1989, Genoa introduced a family of Super VGA graphics cards that were the first to offer 70 MHz <a href="Refresh_rate" title="Refresh rate">refresh rates</a> in VGA modes. These cards were compatible only with the professional multisync <a href="Cathode-ray_tube" title="Cathode-ray tube">CRT monitors</a> just coming on the market at the time but eliminated the perceived flicker that CRTs displaying 60 MHz signals tended to exhibit. The family of cards comprised the 8-bit ISA-based 6100 (with 512 KB of <a href="Video_RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="Video RAM">VRAM</a>); the 16-bit <a href="Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">ISA</a>-based 6300 (with 256 KB of VRAM) and 6400 (with 512 KB of VRAM); and the 16-bit <a href="Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a>-based 6600 (with 512 KB of VRAM).<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a>

The company began dabbling in <a href="Sound_card" title="Sound card">sound cards</a> for PCs starting in 1994, with the release of the AudioBlitz Classic.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Models in the AudioBlitz range were mostly based on <a href="Yamaha_Corporation" title="Yamaha Corporation">Yamaha</a> <a href="OPL3" class="mw-redirect" title="OPL3">OPL3</a> and <a href="OPL4" class="mw-redirect" title="OPL4">OPL4</a> sound chips.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decline_(1998–2002)">Decline (1998–2002)</h3></div>

In the last few years of its existence, Genoa moved its headquarters to <a href="Fremont%2C_California" title="Fremont, California">Fremont, California</a>, changed its name to Genoa Electronics Corporation, and focused on the development of an <a href="Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">embedded computer</a> marketed as an <a href="Information_appliance" title="Information appliance">information</a> and <a href="Internet_appliance" title="Internet appliance">Internet appliance</a>. Eventually realized as the Genoa Embedded Information Appliance (GEIA), it was marketed for use in kiosks in financial institutions and insurance companies, as <a href="Thin_client" title="Thin client">thin clients</a> for schools, and as <a href="Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top boxes</a> for home use.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> The GEIA was a commercial flop, and by 2002, Genoa had folded completely.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKim1995" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Chul Sung (March 28, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eMKimy4DFaEC&pg=PA201">"Genoa AudioBlitz 3D"</a>. PC Magazine. 14 (6). Ziff-Davis: 200–201 – via Google Books.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBrownstein1995" class="citation journal cs1">Brownstein, Mark (February 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A16115635/GPS?sid=wikipedia">"16-bit sound cards break the $150 barrier"</a>. Computer Shopper. 15 (2). SX2 Media Labs: 760 et seq. – via Gale.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230804004002/https://techmonitor.ai/technology/genoa_launches_all_in_one_home_interactive_services_device">"Genoa Launches All-in-One Home Interactive Services Device"</a>. Computer Business Review. New Statesman Media Group. March 18, 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techmonitor.ai/technology/genoa_launches_all_in_one_home_interactive_services_device">the original</a> on August 4, 2023.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19981202015634/http://www.genoasys.com/gia/gia.html">"Genoa Embedded Information Appliance"</a>. Genoa Electronics Corporation. 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genoasys.com/gia/gia.html">the original</a> on December 2, 1998.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230804004155/https://opencorporates.com/companies/us_ca/1247511">"Genoa Systems Corporation"</a>. OpenCorporates. n.d. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opencorporates.com/companies/us_ca/1247511">the original</a> on August 4, 2023.</cite>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19961227213315/http://www.genoasys.com/">Official website</a> at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived December 27, 1996)</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dosdays.co.uk/topics/Manufacturers/genoa.php">Genoa Systems history</a> at DOS Days</li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-14" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Genoa_Systems&oldid=1300533122">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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